Top 5 Reasons for Calf Swelling
When the calf muscle is swollen it is painful to walk and makes getting around difficult. Calf swelling is usually the result of an injury, usually related to sports or running. There are other causes of calf swelling that a family doctor can diagnose and treat. If the calf muscle is swollen and it is not from a sports injury there is the possibility that one of the following five reasons could be why.
Deep Vein Thrombosis: DVT is a condition caused by a blood clot in a major vein. It can be located in the lower leg as well as the thighs or pelvis muscles. This blockage can be the cause of swelling in the calf and can also be the cause of pain. DVT can have major complications if the blood clot gets loose and reaches the lungs which can lead to death. If there is swelling in the calf area for no apparent reason a doctor should be consulted to rule out deep vein thrombosis.
Cellulitis: A bacterial skin infection that is common and can cause swelling in the calf. It is an infection of the skin’s deep layer that is known as the dermis and the layers underneath it. Cellulits is accompanied by fever, fatigue, muscle aches and pains, redness and rash at the site of the infection. Cellulitis can be treated with antibiotics and analgesics for pain; however, if it becomes severe or does not go away with antibiotics, hospitalization may be necessary.
Compartment Syndrome: Compartment syndrome usually is a secondary to an accident or injury or a repetitive activity that increases pressure on the muscle area during the activity. Compartment syndrome is simply nerves and blood vessels in a compartment or enclosed space that become compressed over time leading to muscle damage and problems with blood flow. In addition to causing swelling, the calf will be pale, weak and have a loss of sensation. Surgery is usually required to treat his condition and if it is suspected a physician should be contacted immediately.
Fluid Retention: Fluid retention is a major cause of swelling of many body parts, particularly the calves and ankles. When the body is imbalanced and fluids are not released from the body as they are supposed to be calves can become swollen and painful. Diuretics can be used to relieve the swelling. Avoiding sodium will help prevent fluid retention. Women are particularly prone to fluid retention during menstrual cycles and pregnancy.
Fatigue: Standing for long periods of time can cause fatigue to the calf areas with swelling and muscle pain as well. This doesn’t require a doctor’s visit and will go away once the person is off their feet for a little while. Support shoes and hose can help prevent calf swelling from fatigue.